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par-5

C. elegans

14-3-3 domain-containing protein;14-3-3-like protein 1

What the model saw

Gene: par-5
Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
Known functions: 14-3-3 domain-containing protein;14-3-3-like protein 1. protein binding.
View unredacted entry
14-3-3 domain-containing protein;14-3-3-like protein 1. protein binding.

Solver output

Predicted influence
Pro-longevity
Confidence
72%
Mechanism
Deregulated nutrient sensing
Reasoning

PAR-5 is a 14-3-3 family protein in C. elegans, orthologous to mammalian 14-3-3 proteins. 14-3-3 proteins are well-established regulators of the FOXO transcription factor DAF-16 in the insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway. Specifically, 14-3-3 proteins bind phosphorylated DAF-16/FOXO (phosphorylated by AKT downstream of DAF-2/IGF-1R), sequestering it in the cytoplasm and suppressing its transcriptional activity. However, PAR-5 (along with FTT-2) has also been shown to act as a positive regulator of DAF-16 nuclear localization and longevity in certain contexts, particularly under reduced IIS, where 14-3-3 proteins can scaffold DAF-16 for nuclear import. Genetic studies in C. elegans demonstrate that par-5 loss shortens lifespan and reduces stress resistance, consistent with a pro-longevity role. The primary mechanism connects to deregulated nutrient sensing via the IIS/DAF-16 axis, a canonical hallmark of aging pathway.

Key pathways
insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathwayDAF-16/FOXO transcription factor regulation14-3-3 protein scaffolding
Longevity influence
Pro-longevity
Lifespan effect
Increase and Decrease

GenAge curators classify each gene's normal function as promoting (Pro-Longevity) or opposing (Anti-Longevity) longevity, based on synthesis across studies. Loss-of-function effects can vary from this depending on the manipulation.

Advisor judgment

Answer
Correct
Mechanism
Correct
Reasoning quality
4/5
Failure mode
Correct
Notes

The model correctly predicted par-5 as pro_longevity with good confidence (0.72). The mechanistic reasoning is solid - PAR-5 is indeed a 14-3-3 protein that plays a role in DAF-16/FOXO regulation in the IIS pathway. The model correctly notes the nuanced dual role of 14-3-3 proteins (cytoplasmic sequestration vs. nuclear import scaffolding) and correctly identifies that par-5 loss shortens lifespan. The mechanism class of "deregulated_nutrient_sensing" is appropriate given the IIS pathway connection. The reasoning is well-articulated and biologically accurate. Minor note: the model's description of the dual role of 14-3-3 proteins is somewhat complex and could be clearer, but overall the reasoning is sound.

Raw API responses

solver

{
  "reasoning": "PAR-5 is a 14-3-3 family protein in C. elegans, orthologous to mammalian 14-3-3 proteins. 14-3-3 proteins are well-established regulators of the FOXO transcription factor DAF-16 in the insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway. Specifically, 14-3-3 proteins bind phosphorylated DAF-16/FOXO (phosphorylated by AKT downstream of DAF-2/IGF-1R), sequestering it in the cytoplasm and suppressing its transcriptional activity. However, PAR-5 (along with FTT-2) has also been shown to act as a positive regulator of DAF-16 nuclear localization and longevity in certain contexts, particularly under reduced IIS, where 14-3-3 proteins can scaffold DAF-16 for nuclear import. Genetic studies in C. elegans demonstrate that par-5 loss shortens lifespan and reduces stress resistance, consistent with a pro-longevity role. The primary mechanism connects to deregulated nutrient sensing via the IIS/DAF-16 axis, a canonical hallmark of aging pathway.",
  "confidence": 0.72,
  "key_pathways": [
    "insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway",
    "DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor regulation",
    "14-3-3 protein scaffolding"
  ],
  "mechanism_class": "deregulated_nutrient_sensing",
  "longevity_influence": "pro_longevity"
}

advisor

{
  "notes": "The model correctly predicted par-5 as pro_longevity with good confidence (0.72). The mechanistic reasoning is solid - PAR-5 is indeed a 14-3-3 protein that plays a role in DAF-16/FOXO regulation in the IIS pathway. The model correctly notes the nuanced dual role of 14-3-3 proteins (cytoplasmic sequestration vs. nuclear import scaffolding) and correctly identifies that par-5 loss shortens lifespan. The mechanism class of \"deregulated_nutrient_sensing\" is appropriate given the IIS pathway connection. The reasoning is well-articulated and biologically accurate. Minor note: the model's description of the dual role of 14-3-3 proteins is somewhat complex and could be clearer, but overall the reasoning is sound.",
  "failure_mode": "correct",
  "answer_correct": true,
  "mechanism_correct": true,
  "reasoning_quality": 4,
  "ground_truth_questionable": false
}
par-5 · Caenorhabditis elegans | Aging biology eval