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ftt-2

C. elegans

14-3-3 domain-containing protein;14-3-3-like protein 2

What the model saw

Gene: ftt-2
Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
Known functions: 14-3-3 domain-containing protein;14-3-3-like protein 2. DNA-binding transcription factor binding. protein binding. protein sequestering activity.
View unredacted entry
14-3-3 domain-containing protein;14-3-3-like protein 2. DNA-binding transcription factor binding. protein binding. protein sequestering activity.

Solver output

Predicted influence
Pro-longevity
Confidence
72%
Mechanism
Deregulated nutrient sensing
Reasoning

ftt-2 encodes a 14-3-3 family protein in C. elegans, which functions as a scaffold/adaptor through protein sequestering and transcription factor binding. 14-3-3 proteins are well-established regulators of the DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor in the insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway: under high insulin signaling, activated AKT phosphorylates DAF-16, enabling 14-3-3 proteins (ftt-2 and par-5) to sequester DAF-16 in the cytoplasm, thereby suppressing its pro-longevity transcriptional program. However, ftt-2 also directly interacts with and sequesters the DAF-16 kinase complex components and other regulators, and genetic studies in C. elegans show that ftt-2 loss-of-function shortens lifespan, indicating its net role is pro-longevity. Additionally, 14-3-3 proteins modulate the activity of multiple longevity-relevant transcription factors beyond DAF-16, including those in the AMPK and TOR nutrient-sensing axes, and their scaffolding activity is required for proper stress-response signaling that extends lifespan.

Key pathways
insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) / DAF-16 cytoplasmic sequestration14-3-3 scaffold-mediated nutrient sensing (AMPK/TOR)transcription factor regulation via protein sequestering activity
Longevity influence
Pro-longevity
Lifespan effect
Increase and Decrease

GenAge curators classify each gene's normal function as promoting (Pro-Longevity) or opposing (Anti-Longevity) longevity, based on synthesis across studies. Loss-of-function effects can vary from this depending on the manipulation.

Advisor judgment

Answer
Correct
Mechanism
Incorrect
Reasoning quality
3/5
Failure mode
Right answer, wrong reasoning
Notes

The model correctly predicts ftt-2 as pro_longevity. However, the mechanistic reasoning is internally contradictory and partially incorrect. The model first describes ftt-2/14-3-3 as sequestering DAF-16 in the cytoplasm (which would be anti-longevity), then claims ftt-2 loss-of-function shortens lifespan (making it pro-longevity). The mechanism class assigned is "deregulated_nutrient_sensing," which is a stretch. The actual pro-longevity mechanism of ftt-2 in C. elegans is more nuanced — 14-3-3 proteins like ftt-2 have complex roles beyond just DAF-16 cytoplasmic sequestration, and the model's explanation of why ftt-2 is net pro-longevity is not well-supported or clearly articulated. The model essentially contradicts itself (DAF-16 sequestration would be anti-longevity, yet claims pro-longevity) without adequately resolving the contradiction. The correct answer is reached but the mechanistic explanation is confused.

Raw API responses

solver

{
  "reasoning": "ftt-2 encodes a 14-3-3 family protein in C. elegans, which functions as a scaffold/adaptor through protein sequestering and transcription factor binding. 14-3-3 proteins are well-established regulators of the DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor in the insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway: under high insulin signaling, activated AKT phosphorylates DAF-16, enabling 14-3-3 proteins (ftt-2 and par-5) to sequester DAF-16 in the cytoplasm, thereby suppressing its pro-longevity transcriptional program. However, ftt-2 also directly interacts with and sequesters the DAF-16 kinase complex components and other regulators, and genetic studies in C. elegans show that ftt-2 loss-of-function shortens lifespan, indicating its net role is pro-longevity. Additionally, 14-3-3 proteins modulate the activity of multiple longevity-relevant transcription factors beyond DAF-16, including those in the AMPK and TOR nutrient-sensing axes, and their scaffolding activity is required for proper stress-response signaling that extends lifespan.",
  "confidence": 0.72,
  "key_pathways": [
    "insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) / DAF-16 cytoplasmic sequestration",
    "14-3-3 scaffold-mediated nutrient sensing (AMPK/TOR)",
    "transcription factor regulation via protein sequestering activity"
  ],
  "mechanism_class": "deregulated_nutrient_sensing",
  "longevity_influence": "pro_longevity"
}

advisor

{
  "notes": "The model correctly predicts ftt-2 as pro_longevity. However, the mechanistic reasoning is internally contradictory and partially incorrect. The model first describes ftt-2/14-3-3 as sequestering DAF-16 in the cytoplasm (which would be anti-longevity), then claims ftt-2 loss-of-function shortens lifespan (making it pro-longevity). The mechanism class assigned is \"deregulated_nutrient_sensing,\" which is a stretch. The actual pro-longevity mechanism of ftt-2 in C. elegans is more nuanced — 14-3-3 proteins like ftt-2 have complex roles beyond just DAF-16 cytoplasmic sequestration, and the model's explanation of why ftt-2 is net pro-longevity is not well-supported or clearly articulated. The model essentially contradicts itself (DAF-16 sequestration would be anti-longevity, yet claims pro-longevity) without adequately resolving the contradiction. The correct answer is reached but the mechanistic explanation is confused.",
  "failure_mode": "right_answer_wrong_reasoning",
  "answer_correct": true,
  "mechanism_correct": false,
  "reasoning_quality": 3,
  "ground_truth_questionable": false
}