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SAM1

S. cerevisiae

methionine adenosyltransferase SAM1

What the model saw

Gene: SAM1
Organism: Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Known functions: methionine adenosyltransferase SAM1. ATP binding. methionine adenosyltransferase activity. protein binding.
View unredacted entry
methionine adenosyltransferase SAM1. ATP binding. methionine adenosyltransferase activity. protein binding.

Solver output

Predicted influence
Anti-longevity
Confidence
72%
Mechanism
Epigenetic alterations
Reasoning

SAM1 encodes methionine adenosyltransferase, the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) from methionine and ATP. SAM is the universal methyl donor for methyltransferase reactions, including histone and DNA methylation. In yeast, elevated SAM levels drive increased histone H3K4 methylation via the COMPASS complex (Set1), which has been linked to shortened chronological and replicative lifespan. Caloric restriction and methionine restriction extend lifespan partly by reducing SAM availability and downstream methylation marks. Thus, higher SAM1 activity increases SAM pools, promoting pro-aging epigenetic states rather than the hypomethylation associated with longevity under nutrient restriction.

Key pathways
S-adenosylmethionine biosynthesishistone H3K4 methylation (COMPASS/Set1)methionine restriction longevity pathway
Longevity influence
Anti-longevity
Lifespan effect
Increase

GenAge curators classify each gene's normal function as promoting (Pro-Longevity) or opposing (Anti-Longevity) longevity, based on synthesis across studies. Loss-of-function effects can vary from this depending on the manipulation.

Advisor judgment

Answer
Correct
Mechanism
Correct
Reasoning quality
4/5
Failure mode
Correct
Notes

The model correctly predicted SAM1 as anti_longevity. The mechanistic reasoning is well-grounded: SAM1 encodes methionine adenosyltransferase which produces S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), the universal methyl donor. The connection to histone methylation via COMPASS/Set1 and the methionine restriction longevity pathway is scientifically sound. The model correctly identifies that elevated SAM levels promote pro-aging epigenetic states. The mechanism class of "epigenetic_alterations" is reasonable, though the primary mechanism could also be framed as metabolic (SAM biosynthesis). The reasoning is coherent and well-supported by known biology. Confidence of 0.72 is appropriate given the complexity of the pathway.

Raw API responses

solver

{
  "reasoning": "SAM1 encodes methionine adenosyltransferase, the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) from methionine and ATP. SAM is the universal methyl donor for methyltransferase reactions, including histone and DNA methylation. In yeast, elevated SAM levels drive increased histone H3K4 methylation via the COMPASS complex (Set1), which has been linked to shortened chronological and replicative lifespan. Caloric restriction and methionine restriction extend lifespan partly by reducing SAM availability and downstream methylation marks. Thus, higher SAM1 activity increases SAM pools, promoting pro-aging epigenetic states rather than the hypomethylation associated with longevity under nutrient restriction.",
  "confidence": 0.72,
  "key_pathways": [
    "S-adenosylmethionine biosynthesis",
    "histone H3K4 methylation (COMPASS/Set1)",
    "methionine restriction longevity pathway"
  ],
  "mechanism_class": "epigenetic_alterations",
  "longevity_influence": "anti_longevity"
}

advisor

{
  "notes": "The model correctly predicted SAM1 as anti_longevity. The mechanistic reasoning is well-grounded: SAM1 encodes methionine adenosyltransferase which produces S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), the universal methyl donor. The connection to histone methylation via COMPASS/Set1 and the methionine restriction longevity pathway is scientifically sound. The model correctly identifies that elevated SAM levels promote pro-aging epigenetic states. The mechanism class of \"epigenetic_alterations\" is reasonable, though the primary mechanism could also be framed as metabolic (SAM biosynthesis). The reasoning is coherent and well-supported by known biology. Confidence of 0.72 is appropriate given the complexity of the pathway.",
  "failure_mode": "correct",
  "answer_correct": true,
  "mechanism_correct": true,
  "reasoning_quality": 4,
  "ground_truth_questionable": false
}