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daf-18

C. elegans

Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase daf-18

What the model saw

Gene: daf-18
Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
Known functions: Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase daf-18. phosphatase activity. phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase activity. protein binding. protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity. protein tyrosine phosphatase activity.
View unredacted entry
Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase daf-18. phosphatase activity. phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase activity. protein binding. protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity. protein tyrosine phosphatase activity.

Solver output

Predicted influence
Pro-longevity
Confidence
93%
Mechanism
Deregulated nutrient sensing
Reasoning

daf-18 is the C. elegans ortholog of the tumor suppressor PTEN, a dual-specificity phosphatase that dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) back to PIP2. By reducing PIP3 levels, daf-18 antagonizes AGE-1 (PI3K) activity, thereby suppressing PDK-1 and AKT-1/AKT-2 kinase signaling. This inhibition of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway allows the FOXO transcription factor DAF-16 to translocate to the nucleus and activate longevity-promoting gene expression programs. Loss of daf-18 function leads to constitutive AKT activation, nuclear exclusion of DAF-16, and shortened lifespan, while its activity is required for the extended longevity seen in daf-2 mutants.

Key pathways
insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathwayPI3K-AKT-FOXO (DAF-16) axisPIP3 dephosphorylation / PTEN tumor suppressor pathway
Longevity influence
Pro-longevity
Lifespan effect
Increase and Decrease

GenAge curators classify each gene's normal function as promoting (Pro-Longevity) or opposing (Anti-Longevity) longevity, based on synthesis across studies. Loss-of-function effects can vary from this depending on the manipulation.

Advisor judgment

Answer
Correct
Mechanism
Correct
Reasoning quality
5/5
Failure mode
Correct
Notes

The model correctly identified daf-18 as pro_longevity with high confidence (0.93). The mechanistic reasoning is excellent and accurate: daf-18 is indeed the C. elegans PTEN ortholog that dephosphorylates PIP3 to PIP2, antagonizing AGE-1/PI3K signaling, suppressing AKT-1/AKT-2, and allowing DAF-16/FOXO nuclear localization to promote longevity. The model correctly notes that loss of daf-18 shortens lifespan and that daf-18 activity is required for extended longevity in daf-2 mutants. All key pathways identified are correct and relevant.

Raw API responses

solver

{
  "reasoning": "daf-18 is the C. elegans ortholog of the tumor suppressor PTEN, a dual-specificity phosphatase that dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) back to PIP2. By reducing PIP3 levels, daf-18 antagonizes AGE-1 (PI3K) activity, thereby suppressing PDK-1 and AKT-1/AKT-2 kinase signaling. This inhibition of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway allows the FOXO transcription factor DAF-16 to translocate to the nucleus and activate longevity-promoting gene expression programs. Loss of daf-18 function leads to constitutive AKT activation, nuclear exclusion of DAF-16, and shortened lifespan, while its activity is required for the extended longevity seen in daf-2 mutants.",
  "confidence": 0.93,
  "key_pathways": [
    "insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway",
    "PI3K-AKT-FOXO (DAF-16) axis",
    "PIP3 dephosphorylation / PTEN tumor suppressor pathway"
  ],
  "mechanism_class": "deregulated_nutrient_sensing",
  "longevity_influence": "pro_longevity"
}

advisor

{
  "notes": "The model correctly identified daf-18 as pro_longevity with high confidence (0.93). The mechanistic reasoning is excellent and accurate: daf-18 is indeed the C. elegans PTEN ortholog that dephosphorylates PIP3 to PIP2, antagonizing AGE-1/PI3K signaling, suppressing AKT-1/AKT-2, and allowing DAF-16/FOXO nuclear localization to promote longevity. The model correctly notes that loss of daf-18 shortens lifespan and that daf-18 activity is required for extended longevity in daf-2 mutants. All key pathways identified are correct and relevant.",
  "failure_mode": "correct",
  "answer_correct": true,
  "mechanism_correct": true,
  "reasoning_quality": 5,
  "ground_truth_questionable": false
}